Water-tube boiler.



No.' 866,034. PATENTED SEPT. 17, 1907. W. SELLERS & B. D. COPPA-GE.

1.a. JoHNsoN, o. B. DUNN E o. o. EEBLGEE, ExEoUToEs or w. sELLENs,DEO'D. WATER TUBE BUILER.

EPPLIOATION FILED SEPT. 27, 190s.

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No. 866,034. VPATENTED SEPT..17, 1907.

W. SELLERS & B. D. COPPAGE. J. G. JOHNSON, o. B. DUNN a.0.0.1EBIGBN,BXE0UT0NS or w.s1:LLERs,-DBG'D'. WATER TUBE BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 27.11906.

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No. 866,034. PATENTED SEPT'. 17, 1907.

u W. SELLERS & B. D. G OPPAGE. J. a. JOHNSON, o. B. DUNN a o. o.IBBIGER, ExEoUToRs or w. sNLLERs, pBcD. WATER TUBE BOILER.

APPLIUANIONPILED SEPT. 27, 190e.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN G. JOHNSON, CHARLES B. DUNN, AND CHRISTIAN C. FEBIGER, OFPHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, EXECUTORS OF WILLIAM SELLERS, DECEASED, ANDBENJAMIN D.

OOPPAGE, OF WILMINGTON, DELAWARE.

WATER-TUBE BOILER.

To all whom it 'may concern:

Be it known that WILLIAM SELLERS, deceased, late a citizen of the UnitedStates of America, residing in the city and county of Philadelphia, inthe State of Pennsylvania, and I, BENJAMIN' D. COPPAGE, a citizen of theUnited States of America, residing in Wilmington, in the county ofNewcastle and State of Delaware, have invented a certain new and usefulImprovement in Water-Tube Boilers, of which the following is a true andexact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,which form a part thereof.

Our present invention relates to boilers of the socalled water-tube typeand has for its object the production of a boiler which isha highlyefficient steam generator and at the same time is simple and durable inconstruction and may be made and installed at a low cost. I

In carrying out our invention we provide one or more sets of tubes orpipes. The ends of each tube are at different levels and the lower endsof the tubes in each set are connected at different levels into achamber or header, which we may therefore call the lower header, andtheir higher ends are connected at different levels into a secondchamber or header which we may for this reason call the upper header.Means are provided for feeding water into the boiler, so that the waterlevel in the lower header is'maintained above the lower ends v of someof the tubes and below the lower ends of others.

The steam generated by the boiler is withdrawn as required by theconditions of service from the upper end of the lower header. Suitablemea-ns are provided for heating all of said tubes.

In operation, circulation is set up 4through the lower tribes from thelower header to the upper header and in a reverse direction through theupper tubes. The steam generated in the tubes through which the waterfiows into the upper header causes the latter to be filled with amixture of water and steam of a specific gravity considerably less thanthat of the water in the first header: This mixture of steam and waterflows into the upper ends of some of the upper tubes and back toward thelower header. The water thus entering the upper ends of some of theupper tubes is either converted into steam therein or carried back bygravity into the lower header. Steam collecting in the upper end of theupper header passes back into the lower header through such pipes ashave both their ends un# submerged. This steam, while passing back tothe lower header is dried and more or less super-heated by such passage,at the same time it serves to prevent the tubes through which it passesfrom being burned out by the heat of the furnace.

In a boiler constructed as above described it will be observed that allof the tubes throughout their length Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led September 27,1906. SerialNo. 336,397.

Patented Sept. 17', 1907.

are heating units effectively arranged in conjunction with the headersfor the production of dry steam. In a boiler of this character, thelarge separating steam and water reservoir heretofore employed inwater-tube -boilers and connections to the same are dispensed with. Thisresults in a marked economy of material and hence a decrease in the costof the boiler, and furthermore by doing away with the large reservoirfilled with water and steam, loss of heat by radiation is decreased andconsequently the efficiency of the boiler is increased.

The various features of novelty which characterize our invention arepointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming apart of this specification. For a better understanding of our invention,however, and the advantages possessed by it, reference may be had to theaccompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which we haveillustrated and described forms in which our invention may be embodied.

In the drawings Figure l is a sectional elevation of one form of boilerembodying our invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation and Fig. 3 an endelevation of another form of boiler embodying our invention and Fig. 4is an elevation of the boiler shown in Fig. l illustrating somewhatdiagrammatically the means which may be employed for maintaining thedesired water level in the boiler.

Referring first to the construction shown in Fig. l, A represents theupper header and B represents the lower header. The tubes O connectingthe headers are in the form shown all inclined to the horizontal floor Dand parallel to each other. It will be understood that back of each ofthe tubes C, shown, may be a row of similar tubes connected into theheaders A and B at the same levels. The boiler structure proper issupported on suitable foundations E, and diaphragms or partitions F areprovided for causing the heated gases from the fire on the grate D topass amo-ng the tubes in the direction indicated by the arrows, escapingthrough the covering H of the boiler housing through the chimney passageI. The steam generated in the boiler is withdrawn through the serviceconnection indicated at J. K and K1 are removable parts of the boilerhousing. The proper apparent water level, that is, the water level whichwould be shown by a water glass, is indicated by the line L, L. As amatter of fact, in the upper header A, a bubbling mixture of water andsteam extends above theline L, L to about the line M.

In the construction shown in Figs. 2 and 3 the lower header is dividedinto four sections Al each of which is connected to the appropriate oneof a corresponding group of upper header sections B1 by a set of tubesC, one tube C being in line with each hand hole cover C1 shown in Fig.3. The upper ends of the sections Al are connected to a steam reservoirN by pipes A2. The

steam service connection J1 leads from the reservoir N.

The lower ends oi the sections are connected to a water reservoir O bypipes A3.

Any suitable means, eitlrei` manually controlled or automatic may beemployed for maintaining the water level in either' of the forms of theboiler described, at the desired level, p

In Fig. 4 we have shown somewhat diagrammatically, automatic means forfeeding water into a boiler to maintain the water level thereinconstant, substantially as disclosed in a patent to Squire, 647,683,granted April l7, 1900. u

This apparatus may be briefly described as follows: Q represents a pipefor conveying water from a suitable source of water under pressure tothe boiler.

Ql is a valve controlling the flow ol' water through the pipe Q. Steamadmitted to a chamber in the valve Q1 through a pipe Q2 tends to closeit against the action oi' the water' pressrire in the pipe Q which tendsto hold the valve open.

Q: represents piping etc. connected at its ripper' end to the boilerabove the maximum water level `and at its lower end to the boiler belowthe minimum water level.

Q represents piping connected to Q3 above the water level at Q5 andbelow the water level at Q, which, by its changes iii length due to thevarying proportions of steam and water in it as the water level in theboiler changes serves to move a. valve QT to supply steam from the pipeQS to the pipe QL when the water level in the boiler is high and toconnect Q2 to the exhaust pipe Qn when the water level is low.

It will ol course be understood that any other suitable means may beemployed for automatically, or otherwise, maintaining the water in theboiler at the desired level. i

Having now desci'ibed oiir invention. what we claim as irew and desireto secure by Letters Patent is,

l. In a water' tribe boiler, a set of inclined tubes ar ranged one abovethe other, a header connecting the upper ends of said tubes, a secondheader connecting the lower ends of said tubes, and means for supplyingheat to all of said tubes, said boiler being organized for operationwith the water level in said second header' below the corresponding endsoi some of said tubes.

:2. In a water tube boiler, a set of inclined tubes arranged one abovethe other', a header connecting the upper end of said tribes, a secondheader connectingT the lower' end of said tribes, lneans for supplyingheat to all said tubes and means for maintaining the water level in saidsecond header below the corresponding ends of some of said tubes, and asteam device connection leading from t're upper end oi said secondheader.

In a water tube boiler', a chamber or header, a second chamberor header,a set of tubes extending between said headers, said tubes beingconnected into each header at different levels, and each tube beingconnected into said second header at a level below that at which it isconnected to the first header', means for feeding water to the boiler tomaintain the water level in the second header above the correspondingends of some of said tubes, means i'or heating all of said tubes, andmeans for withdrawing the steam generated in said boiler from the upperend ot' said second header.

l. A water tube boiler consisting of a pair of headers, a set or sets ofinclined connecting tribes, the tubes in each set being arranged oneabove the other, and means for' withdrawingv all the steam generated bysaid boiler' from the header to which the lower ends of the tubes areconnected.

5. In a boiler, a set ot' inclined tubes, arranged one above another', aheader into which the lower ends of the tribes open, a second header'into which the upper ends of the tubes open. ine-ans for maintaining`-the water' level below the lower ends of certain of said tribes, andmeans for' withdrawing the steam generated by the boiler from the headerconnected to the lower' ends ot the tribes.

(i. In a steam boiler', a header, tribes opening into said header' atdifferent levels, and a second header' into which said tubes open, eachtribe entering said second header at a level below that at which itenter's the iii-st header, said boiler' being organized for operationwith the water level in said second header below the corresponding endsot soine tribes and above that of others.

T. A water tribe boiler without a steam and water reservoir', consistingof a pair oi headers, a set or sets of connecting tribes extendingbetween said headers, each tribe opening into the two headers atdifferent levels, and the different tribes of each set opening into thesaine header at different levels. and a main steam passage leading fromthe header' to which the lower' ends of the tribes are connected forwithdraii'inj.;l from the boiler' all the steam generated by it.

S. In a steam boiler', a header, tribes opening into said header' atdifferent levels, a second header into which said tubes open, each tribeentering said second header at a level below that at which it enters therst header, said boilerl being organized for' operation with the waterlevel in said second header' below the cor-responding ends of sometribes and above that or others, and a main steam passage leading fromthe said second header' for withdrawing from the boiler' all the steamgenerated in it.

JOHN G. JOHNSON, CHARLES B. DUNN, CHRISTIAN C. FEBIGER. Eircoritars ofthe estate of William Sellers, deceased.

BENJAMIN D. COPPAGE. Witnesses as to the signatures of John G. Johnson.Charles B. Dunn, and Christian C. Febiger:

(fairni'nn II. Ross, WILLIAM J. Fisnnn.

Witnesses as to the signature of Benjamin I). Coppage:

WILKIN L. S'rriaiioii, WILLIAM BnNzrK.

